Cable drum construction for rotary draw-works



I March 6, 1934.

G. TREMOLADA CABLE DRUM CONSTRUCTION FOR ROTARY DRAW WORKS 4Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 20, 1932 flTTaRA/Ex March 6, 1934. a.TREMOLADA CABLE DRUM CONSTRUCTION FOR ROTARY DRAW WORKS Filed Jan. 20,1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 [Wm me: 62/62/51 x70 2519704404,

March 6, 1934.-- e. TREMOLADA CABLE DRUM CONSTRUCTION FOR ROTARY DRAWWORKS Filed Jan. 20, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 [Wm 7&6 Qua; IEL ya7e/vamm Iflrmm/ x Patented Mar. 6, 1934 CABLE DRUM'CONSTRUCTION FOR ROTARYDRAW-WORKS Guglielmo Tremolada, Los Angeles, Calif., u-

signor to Emsco Derrick a Equipment Company, Los Angeles, Calif., a co pration of California Application January zo, 1932, Se'rialNo. 587,719

' 22 Claims. (01. 254-187) My invention relates to the well drillingindustry and relates particularly to a draw-works apparatus which isemployed in this industry, which draw-works apparatus includes a novelrotary 5 drum construction.

Inthe drilling of an oil well it is common practice to employ what isknown as a draw-works for handling the drill pipe and other apparatuswhich is lowered into the well. This draw-works is ordinarily positionedon one side of the derrick floor and includes the rotary drum upon whicha hoisting cable is wound. Due to the fact that in the drilling of deepwells, which are now as deep as eight and ten thousand feet, the weightof the .drill pipe supported by means of a travelling block attached tothe hoisting cable is very great, it is necessary to provide the drum ofthe draw-works with very powerful braking elements so that the load maybe properly handled and so that the danger of the drum rotating out ofcontrol while carrying a heavy load is obviated.

In numerous types of draw-works with which I am familiar it is customaryto provide a rotary drum which comprises a drum body formed of acylindrical cable spooling portion, to each end ofwhich is attached aflange, these flanges serving to support the'brake rims, which rims aresecured directly to the flanges by riveting. It is known that a greatpercentage of the load strain occurs object of my invention to providea, rotary drum s which includes a one-piece body having a hub portionprovided on each end thereof, there being reinforcing webs between thehubs and the flanges of the spooling portion to resist lateral ropestresses. These hub portions'are adapted to removably support brake rimunits which are interchangeable and which are easily and quickly removedfor replacement in the event of breakage of the brake rims withoutdismantling the drum from the drum shaft. I

One of the important objects of my invention resides in the provision ofa combination including draw-works and a rotary drum of the characas terdescribed having a pair of brake rims on each end thereof which areadapted for frictional engagement with brake bands, thus doubling thebraking efllciency obtained by a given size and weight of brake.

It is another object of my invention to provide in a draw-works a drumof the character de--,

scribed, which drum has associated therewith a cooling means adapted todeliver a cooling fluid to certain portions of the drum.

It is another object of the invention to provide in combination with arotary drum'of the character described means associated with the drumrounding brake rims on opposite. ends of the rotary drum, these bands'being actuated bye. lever to frictionally engage the rims to supportthe load on the rotary drum. The size and weight ofthis type of brakehas been increased in practice to almost a prohibitive point in order toincrease their braking efliciency underload. This increase in size andweight of the brakes has naturally increased frictional forces caused bybrake drag to such an extent that, when the rotary drum is. running freewithout aload this brake drag together with the frictional forces causedby the various combinations of drum drive sprockets and chainsfrequently prevent the drum from rotating so that the empty travellingblock cannot be lowered. v V It is an object of my invention toprovide-a rotary drum which is freely rotatable on the drum shaft, whichin turn is rotatably "subverted. by

the machinerysupports ofjthe draw-works so that the drum may beallowedto rotate relative to the drum shaft when running free.

It is another object r y invention ton ue vide in a draw-works of thetype described in the above paragraph a clutch means between. drum shaftand therotary drum wmcnmsyba manipulated atwill to cause the drum torotated with the drum shaft or to allow the drum to rotate relativethereto.

One of the features of the invention in the provision of a rotary drumof the character l by the line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

described which is rotatably mounted on a drum shaft by a pair ofbearing units, the unit on one end of the drum being longitudinallyfixed, while the unit on the other end of the drum is free to allowrelative longitudinal movement between lmgdrum and the shaft tocompensate for expansion in the drum.

Another important feature of my invention resides in the provision of afree spooling drum, as described above, having a clutch member betweenthe drum and the drum shaft, one part of the clutch member beingremovably secured to the drum and the other part to the drum shaft,

'so that in the event of breakage in the clutch member the parts thereofmay be" removed for replacement without disturbing the drum relative tothe drum shaft.

These objects as well as the above described features will be madeevident in the following part of the specification. There are numerousadvantages obtained by reason of the, unique construction of myinvention, these advantages be! ing too numerous to mention in thestatement of invention, but which will be emphasized dur 7 ing thecourse of the following detailed descripembodying the features of myinvention.

2 is an end elevational view of the drawworks taken as indicated by thearrow 2 of Figs 1.

F18. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on a median plane throughthe rotary drum of the invention.

Fig. 4 is'a vertical section taken as indicated Fig. 5 isa partiallysectioned elevational view of the drum body with the brake rim unitsremoved therefrom.

' Fig. 6 is "scene elevation of the drum body taken as indicated by thearrow 6 of Fig. 5.

? Fig. I is 9'. partially sectioned elevatlonai view of one of the brakerim units dismounted-from;

the drum.

Fig.- 8 is .a fragmentary sectional view taken as indicated by the line8-8 of Fig. 3, thisview showing thejmanner in which the CIIItOhI-DlFQIIlJ-Kx her and one of the bearings of the invention iarej keyed tothe drum body.-

Referring to Figs! and 2 in particulanfthe 20. The drive shaft 211sadapted'gto bedriven froma suitable prime mover and isfadaptedto drivethe line shaft 22 by means of a chain and sprocket arrangement includinga chain 28 and sprockets 29 and 30 which are secured to the drive shaft21 and the line shaft 22, respectively. The

ends of the drum shaft 23'project beyond the posts 20 and are providedwith chain and sprocket drive means whereby the line shaft may be causedto drive the drum shaft 23. At the leftward end of the draw-works thereis a primary chain and sprocket drive means 32, and at the rightward endof the draw-works there is a secondary chain and sprocket drive means33,-each of which includes a chain which extends over sprocketsconnected to the line shaft 22 and the drum shaft 23. In order thateither of the chain and sprocket drive means may be selectively employedto drive the drum shaft, there is provided a clutch 34 at one end of thedraw-works and a clutch 35 at the other end thereof, either of whichclutches may be actuated so that either of the drive means may bebrought into operation.

Secured to the drum shaft is a drum 36 having a body 37 providing acentral cylindrical spooling portion 38 on which a cable may be wound.

Mounted on the drum 36 adjacent the spooling I portion 38 are brake rimportions 39 which are adapted to accommodate brake bands which, whenproperly operated, will apply braking forces to the drum 36.

, Coming now to the details of construction of the drum 36 withreference to Figs. 3 to 8 inclusive, I show the drum body 37 ascomprising an interiorly webbed, hollow. cylindrical shell 40 providedwith a pair of integral outwardly extending flanges 41 which cooperatewith the cen-' tral cylindrical portion 38 to form the cable spool ofthe drum.

Formed at each end of the body-3'7 is an integral hub portion or hubstructure 42 comprising an inner annular ring or inner hub 43 and anouter annular ring or outer hub 44. The inner ends of the inner rings43'of the hub structures 42 are integrally connected to the cylindricalshell 40 by solid conical walls 45, and the outer rings 44 areintegrally connected to the inner rings 43 by suitable annular webbing47. Formed betweenthe; outer surfaces of the flanges 41 and the innerends.

of the outer'rings 44 are a plurality of integraL' radially extendingwebs 48, these webs serving to in the annular web 47 are aplurality ofopenings 50 which form longitudinal passages between the inner and outerrings 43 and 44, which communicate with spaces 51 betweeifthe radialwebs 48,

inTthemanner shown best in Figs. 3, 5 and 6.

The inner ring 43 at the leftward; endof the body is adapted toreceiveaebearing carrier 55,-an'd the ring'43 at the rightward end ofithe body 37 is adapted-to receive a bearing carrier v, 56.Thebearingcarriers 55 and 56 each comprise' a retaining shell 57 whichprovides a cupshapedrecess 58' adapted to receiveja pair ofannular'roller bearings-.59 between'which is positioned a splitspacerring 60seated in an annular groove61 provided in .the'drurn shaft 23,substantially in the-manner showikin Fig. 3. The shell 5'7 of .theleftwardlbearingj carrier 55 is provided .withan outwardlyextendingannular flange 62 on the outer-fiend thereof,- which flange isadapted for abutment against the outer surface 63 of the inner ring43.... Abutting the outer surfacev of the flange 62 is a thrust ring 64adapted to receive the end thrust of the cuter-bearing 59. Thebearingicarrier 55, including the thrust ring 64, is

secured against longitudinal movement relative secured. directly totheshell 57 by bolt means 68,

as shown, so'that the rightward end of the drum body 37 may movelongitudinally relative to the bearing carrier 56. as indicated by thearrow B. to compensate for heat expansion during the operation thereof.

Although the drawings disclose the rotary drum 36 rotatably mounted onthe drum shaft as above described, it should be clearly understood thatI believe my invention anticipates a rotary drum embodying all or a partof the independent features of novelty disclosed herein, the inner rings43 of which drum may be secured drectly to the drum shaft, serving asdrum supporting portions to'support the drum in non-roe tatablerelationship with the shaft 23.

- The outer end of the rightward ring 43 is provided with an outwardlyextending flange 70 in the outer face 71 of which is formed an annularrecess 72 adapted to receive the secondary part 73 of a clutch member74, the clutch part 78 being removably secured to the flange 70 by boltmeans 75 in the. manner shown. As best shown in Figs. 3 and 8 the clutchpart 73 is likewise keyed to the flange 70 by a radially extending key75a adapted to resist shearing stresses imposed on the bolts '75. Theinner end of the key 75a extends into a longitudinally extending keywayformed in the outer surface of the shell 57 and the thrust ring 64 ofthe bearing carrier 56, thus serving to prevent relative rotation butallowing relative longitudinal movement therebetween.

The secondary part 73 of the clutch '74 is provided with teeth 76adapted for engagement with the teeth 77 of a primary clutch part 78slidably but non-rotatably mounted on the drum shaft 23. The clutch part78 is provided with an operating yoke indicated at 80 in Figs. 1 and 3,which may be manipulated in any suitable manner, such as by a footpedalZjand connecting rod indicated by the numeral8l of Fig. 1. It willbe understood that the vmar ipuiation of the clutch pedal 81 toselectivelyen'ga'ge and disengage the clutch parts andf78 serves tocause the drum to be driven by-the drum 'shaftorto allow the drumtorotate freely relative thereto, at will.

Eachofthe' outer rings 44 of the hub 42 is provided at the inner'endthereof with an outwardly extending annular flange 85, the outer surfaceof the ring 44 and the flange cooperating to form a seat adapted tosupport a brake rim unit generally designated by the numeral 8'7.

Each of the units 8'7 comprises a pair of dishshaped annular brake rims88 providing verti- I cally extending walls 89 and annular walls 90, theaxes of which extend perpendicular to the walls 89. The rims 88 arepositioned with their vertical walls 89 adjacent and their annular walls90 extending in opposite directions.- Positioned between the verticalwalls 89 of the rims 88 is a spacing disc 92. abutting the outer sidesof the walls 89 are a pair of supporting rings 95, each providing anannular portion 96 and a vertically extending portion 97. The supportingrings 95,

the rims 88, and the disc 92 are secured rigidly tions 97- of the rings95, the vertical walls v89 of the rims 88 and the disc 99, in the mannershown in Fig. 3. The units 87 are positioned on the 1 ring 44 with oneof the annular portions 96 abut- Formed on the peripheral edge of thedisc 92 is an enlarged bead 102 of such a width as to overhang theannular walls 90 ofthe ring 88. Formed on the peripheral edges of thedrum flanges 41 are'laterally extending annular pro- Jections 103 whichoverhang the innermost brake rims 88. The bead 102 and the projections103 are provided as a safety precaution to prevent the annular portion90 of the rims being thrown completely off of the drum. should breakageoccur at the intersection of the walls 89 and 90 of the rims 88 duringthe operation of the drum.

Corning now to .a description of the braking arrangement of thedraw-works I provide brake bands 105 adapted to, partially surround therims 90 of the units 87. the fixed ends of these bands being connectedto a single anchoring bar 106 which is secured in any suitable manner,such as by bolting. to the derrick floor in the manner shownin Fig. 1.The free ends of the bands are secured to a single operating crank 107which is provided with an operating lever 108, the op- 95 eration ofwhich is such that when the lever 108 is depressed in the d'rection ofthe arrow 0" of Fig. 2, a pull in the direction of the arrow "D" isexerted simultaneously on the bands 106, serving to tighten the bandsinto frictional engagement with the brake rims 90.

In connection with the draw-works embodying my invention I mayoptionally provide a cooling means for the bearings 55 and 56 and forthe braking units 88. This cooiing means comprises 103 delivering pipes110 having a plurality of delivery nozzles adapted to continuouslydeliver 7 Jets of a coolng fluid, such as water, to desired too portionsof the drum 36. For example, at each end of the drum 36 a nozzle 111 maybe provided 110 to project a continuous jet of fluid in longitudinaldirections through the openings 50 in the web 4'7, as indicated at 112in Fig. 3, a portion of this fluid contacting the outer surface of the-inner rings 43 to cool the bearings 55 and 56, the fluid 15 then beingforced outwardly through the radial openings 51, as indicated by thearrows "E", by centrifugal force and bathing the entire inner surfacesof the inner. rims 90 before being dispelled through the spaces 113between the periphcries of the flanges. 41 and the rims 90. In order toretard the centrifugal flow of this cooling fluid through the spaces 113so that the fluid will not be thrown to an undesirable distance over thederrick floor, I provide a laterally extending annular rib 114' on theouter surface of each of the flanges 41, these ribs being only'ofslightly smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the rims 90. Theaction of these ribs is to divert the cooling fluid away from the spaces113, as indicated by the arrowsF", thus serving to recirculate a por- Ition of the fluid and allowing the fluid topass outwardly through thespaces ,113'ata propor'- tinately slow rate of flow. T

Another nozzle 115'may be'positi'o'ned' at "each end of the draw-worksand'adapted to-directa Jet of fluid to drench the inner surface of theouter rims 90, as shown at 116'in Fig. 3. h In order to prevent adisproportionate return flow of fluid through the passages 50 in thedi-' lip 124. The flange 121 of the cowl 120 is' of such a diameter asto extend outwardly a distance sumcient to abut the outer surface of theouter supporting ring 95 in such a manner as to serve 1 rection of thearrows "6","! provide an annular as an additional securing meanspreventing longitudinal movement of the units 87 relative to the hubportion 42.

The formof my invention which I have disclosed in this application isspecifically what I at the present time believe to be the mostsatisfactory form. It may occur, however, that changes in structuraldetails, such as the removal of the bearings 55 and 56 so that the drummay be fixed to the drum shaft 23 as above mentioned, or a differentarrangement of parts may be necessary to meet the structural needs ofdifferent types of draw-works which may be employed in th oil industry.

I believe that my invention incorporates certain novel features whichhave never before been utilized in a combination of the character of myinvention. I

Furthermore, I am aware that certain portions of my invention aresusceptible of independent use, and, although all the parts thereofcooperate to form a patentable combination, I do not wish the scope of'my invention to be construed as be- I am aware}," that..certainstructural changes might"beff; made;iithat other embodiments'of theinvention might be devised-and that certain subcombinations of theelements comprising my indrum vention might be utilized, all of whichwould come within the scope of my invention.

It is my desire that the breadth of my invention be construed inaccordance with the ap pended claims considered in connection with thestatement of invention as defined in the specification.

I claim as my invention: 1. In a rotary drum adapted for mounting on arotatable drum shaft of a draw-works, the

.combination of: a one-piece body providing a cylindrical cable spoolingportion having a pair of relatively spaced outwardly extending flanges,each end of said spooling portion terminating in a double walled hubportion comprising an outer J annular ring upon each of which isremovably mounted 'a braking unit, each of said units including a pairof dish-shaped brake rims, each having an annular wall and a wallperpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said annular wall, saidperpendicular walls beingsecured to a supporting ring adapted forremovable mounting on said outer ring, so that said annular portionsextend in opposite directions and are adapted for frictional engagementwith suitable brake bands, and an inner hub supporting'portion adaptedto support said hub on said drum shaft, said outer ring and said innerhub supporting portion being in- -tegrally connected to said spoolingportion by suitable webbing which provides longitudinal passages betweensaid inner supporting portion and said outer ring and radial openingsbetween said outer rings a'nd said fianges; means for directing acontinuous flow of cooling fluid through said passages and said openingsfor the purpose of drenching certain portions of said'drum; and means onsaid drum for retarding the centrifugal flowof fluid from said drumduring the rotation thereof.

supporting portion adapted to support said drum on said drum shaft andan outer brakesupporting portion adapted to removably support a brakerim unit comprising a pair of brake rims adapted for frictionalengagement with suitable brake bands; and means associated with saidbrake rims for preventing said rims from being thrown oute wardly fromsaid drum by centrifugal force should breakage of said rims occur duringthe rotation of said drum.

3. In a rotary drum adapted for mounting on a rotatable drum shaft of adraw-works, the combination of: a one-piece body providing a cylindricalcable spooling portion having a pair of relatively spaced outwardlyextending flanges, each end of said spooling portion terminating in adouble walled hub comprising an inner drum supporting portion adapted tosupport said drum on said drum shaft and an outer brake supportingportion adapted to removably support a brake rim unit comprising a pairof brake rims adapted for frictional engagement with suitable brakebands; means associated with said brake rims for preventing said rimsfrom being thrown outwardly from said drum by centrifugal force shouldbreakage of said rims occur during the rotation of said drum; and meansfor continuously delivering a cooling fluid to certain portions of said4. a rotary drum adapted formounting on arotatable drum shaft of adraw-works, the combination of: a one-piece body providing a cylindricalcable spooling portion having a pair of relatively spaced outwardly.extending flanges, each end of said spooling portion terminating in adouble walled hub comprising an inner drum supporting portion adapted tosupport said drum on said drum shaft and'an outer brakesupporting.portion adaptedto removably support a brake rim unitcomprising a pair of brake rims adapted for frictional engagement withsuitable brake bands; means associated with said brake rims forpreventing said rims from being thrown outwardly from said drum bycentrifugal force should breakage of said rims occur during the rotationof said drum; means for continuously delivering a cooling fluid tocertain portions of said drum;

and means on said drum for retarding the centrifugal flow of said fluidfrom said drum during the rotation thereof. 5. In a drum construction ofthe class described, the combination of a spooling portion; an inner hubat one end thereof; an outer hub surrounding and spaced from said innerhub; andbrakedrum means removably secured to said outer hub. 6. In adrum construction of the class described,

the combination of: a spooling portion; an inner hub at one end thereof;an outer hub surrounding and spaced from said irmer hub; brake-drummeans removably secured to said outerhub; and radially extending webmeans spaced from said outer hubs.

7. In a drum construction of the class described,

spooling portion and connected to said innerand',

the combination of a spooling'portion; an inner hub at one end thereof;anouter hub surrounding and spaced from said inner hub; a flangeextending outwardly from said spooling portion and extending radiallybeyond said outer hub; brakethe combination of: a spooling portionconsisting of an annular wall having a space therewithin:

an inner hub 'at one end thereof which is of smaller diameter than saidspooling portion; a

flange extending radially outwardly from said spooling portion; an outerhub adjacent said flange, and being smaller in diameter than saidflange; web means connected to said outer hub and said flange; andvbrake-drum means supported by said outer hub.

' outer hub adjacent said flange, and being smaller in diameter thansaid flange; web means con 'nected'to said outer hub and said flange;other web means connected to said inner and outer hubs; and brake drummeans supportedv by said outer hub. I

10. In a drum construction of the class de-' scribed, the combination ofa spooling portion;

an irmer hub at one end thereof; wall means connected'to said inner huband'said spooling portion; a flange extending radially outwardly fromsaid spooling portion; an outer hub adjacent said flange, and beingsmaller in diameter than said flange; web means connected tosaid outerhub and said flange; and brake-drum means supported by said outer hub.

11. In a'drum construction of the class describedpthe combination of aspooling portion; an inner hub at one end thereof; wall means connectedto said inner hub and said spooling portion; a flange extending radiallyoutwardly from said spooling portion; an outer hub adjacent said flange,and being smaller in diameter than said flange; web means connected tosaid outer hub and said flange; other web means connected to said innerand outer hubs; and brake-drum means supported by said outer hub. I

12. In a drum construction of the class described, the combination of za spooling portion;

an inner hub at one end thereof; a flange extending radially outwardlyfrom said spooling portion; an outer hub adjacent said flange, and beingsmaller in diameter than said flange; web

-meansconnected to said outer hub and said flange; other web meansconnected to said inner and outer hubs; brake-drum means supported bysaid outer hub; and bearing-retainer means positioned within said innerhub.

13. In a drum construction of the class described, the combination of aspooling portion; an inner hub at one end thereof; wall means connectedto said. inner hub and said spooling portion; a flange extendingradially outwardly from said spooling portion; an outer hub adjacentsaid flange, and being smaller in diameter than said flange; web meansconnected to said outer hub .and said-flange; brake-drum means supportedby said outer hub; and bearing-retainer means positioned within saidinner hub.

14. In a drum construction of the class de-' scribed, the combination ofa spooling portion; an inner hub at one end thereof; a flange extendingradially outwardly from said spooling portion; an outer hub adjacentsaid flange, and being smaller in diameter than said flange; -web meansconnected to said outer hub and said flange; a shoulder at the innerpart of said outer hub; a brake-drum means supported on said outer hub;and securing means for securing said brakedrum' means against saidshoulder.

15. In a drum construction of the class described, the combination of: abody providing a cylindrical cable spooling portion having a pair ofrelatively spaced outwardly extending flanges, each end of said spoolingportion terminating in a double walled hub portion comprising an outerannular ring upon which a plurality of brake rims are mounted, said rimsbeing adapted for frictional engagement with suitable brake bands; andan inner hub supporting portion adapted to support said body, said innerhub supporting portion and said outer rings being integrally connectedto said spooling portion by suitable webbing which provides longitudinalpassages between said hub supporting portion and said outer rings andradial openin'gs between said outer rings and said flanges.

16. In a drum construction of the class described, the combination of: aone-piece body providing a cylindrical cable spooling portion having apair of relatively spaced outwardly extending flanges, each end of saidspooling portion terminating in a double walled hub portion comprisingan outer annular ring upon each of which a pair of brake rims ismounted, said rims being adapted for frictional engagement with suitablebrake bands; and an inner annular ring adapted to receive a suitablebearing for rotatably supporting said body, said inner rings and saidouter rings being integrally connected to said spooling portion bysuitable webbing which provides longitudinal passages between said innerrings and said outer rings and radial openings between said outer ringsand said flanges.

17. In a drum construction of the class described, the combination of: abody providing a cylindrical cablev spooling portion having a pair ofrelatively spaced outwardly extending flanges, each end of said spoolingportion terminating in a double walled hub portion comprising an outerannular ring upon which a plurality of brake rims are mounted, said rimsbeing adapted for frictional engagement with suitable brake bands, andan inner annular ring adapted to receive a suitable bearing forrotatably supporting said body, said inner rings and said outer ringsbeing integrally connected to said spooling portion-by suitable webbingwhich provides longitudinal passages between said inner rings'and saidouter rings and radial openings between said outer rings and saidflanges; means for directing a continuous flow of cooling fluid throughsaid passages and said openings for the purpose of drenching certainportions ofsaid drum; and means on said drum for retarding thecentrifugal flow of cooling fluid from said drum during the rotationthereof.

18. In a drum construction of the class described, the combination of aone-piece body providing a cylindrical cable spooling portion having apair of relatively spaced outwardly extending flanges, each end of saidspooling portion terminating in a double walled hub portion comprisingan outer annular ring upon each of which is removably mounted a brakingunit, each of said units including a pair of coaxial annular rimssecured in longitudinally spaced relationship to a supporting ring.which is adapted for removable mounting on said outer ring of said hubportion, said rims being adapted for frictional -en-. gagement withsuitable brake bands, and. an inner annular ring adapted to receive asuitable bearing for rotatably supporting said body, one

of said bearings at one end of said hub being longitudinally fixedrelative thereto, andthe other hub, said inner rings and said outerrings being integrally connected to said spooling portion'by suitablewebbing which provides longitudinal passages between said inner ringsand said outer rings and radial openings between said outer rings andsaid flanges; means for directing a continuous flow of cooling fluidthrough said passages and said openings i'orthe purpose oi drenchingcertain portions 01' said drum; and means on said drum for retarding thecentrifugal flow of cooling fluid from said drum during the rotationscribed, the combination oi: a spooling portion;

an outwardly extending flange at the end of said spooling portion; aninner hub at one end thereof; an outer hub surrounding said inner huband being spaced from said flange; web means-connecting said outer huband said flange; and brake-drum means on said outer hub.

22. In a drum construction of the class described, the combination of: aspooling portion; a flange extending outwardly from said spoolingportion; an outer hub adjacent to said flange; a brake-drum meanssupported by said hub; and means on said flange providing a channel intowhich a portion of said brake-drum means extends.

GUGLIELMO TREMOLADA.

